1. Surfactant don amfani da mai mai nauyi

Saboda tsananin danko da rashin ruwa mai mai mai yawa, yana haifar da matsaloli da yawa ga cin zarafi. Don amfani da waɗannan mayuka masu nauyi, wani lokacin ya zama dole a yi amfani da allurar ruwa ta masu ruwa a cikin rijiyar don sauya mai mai yawan danko a cikin emulsion mai mai ƙarancin ruwa da kuma ɗora shi zuwa saman. Surfactants da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan kaurin emulsification da kuma rage danko hanya sun hada da sodium alkyl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl barasa ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyene polyamine, polyoxyethylene Ethylene alkyl barasa ether-ruwa mai ruwan gishiri. yana buƙatar raba ruwan da amfani da wasu masana'antun masana'antu a matsayin abubuwa masu ƙyamar ruwa don rashin ruwa. Wadannan masu narkar da wutar sune man emulsifiers na ruwa-in-mai. Amfani da shi yawanci shine masu sintiri na cationic ko naphthenic acid, asphaltene acid da gishirin ƙarfe masu yawan gaske. Don mai mai nauyi na musamman, ba za a iya amfani da hanyoyin hawan famfo na al'ada, kuma ana buƙatar allurar tururi don murmurewar yanayin zafi. Don inganta tasirin dawo da zafin jiki, ana buƙatar masu haɓaka. Yin allurar kumfa a cikin allurar tururi da kyau, wato, yin allurar ƙwanƙwasa mai tsananin zafin jiki da iskar gas mai ƙarancin ruwa yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin sauyin yanayi da aka saba amfani da su.

Wakilan kumfa da aka saba amfani dasu sune alkylbenzene sulfonate, α-olefin sulfonate, petroleum sulfonate, sulfonated polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ether da sulfonated polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, gemini surfactants na musamman, da sauransu. , oxygen, zafi da mai, abubuwan da ke dauke da sinadarin fluorine sune ingantattun wakilan kumfa masu zafi. Don sanya man da aka watse ya zama sauƙin wucewa ta cikin tsarin makogwaron samuwar, ko kuma sanya mai a saman samuwar ya kasance da sauki za a fitar da shi, ya zama dole a yi amfani da masarufin da ake kira siririn fim mai ba da labari. Amfani da shi shine gemini surfactants da alkylated phenolic resins.

2. Yin amfani da danyen ɗanyen mai tare da abubuwan da ke yin surfactants yana buƙatar yawan sarrafa kakin zuma da cire kakin zuma. Surfactants suna aiki azaman masu hana kakin zuma kuma masu cire kakin. Ana amfani da abubuwan sarrafawa mai narkewar mai da ruwa mai narkewa don rigakafin kakin zuma. Tsohuwar tana taka rawar rigakafin kakin zuma ta hanyar sauya kaddarorin farfajiyar kakin zakin. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su mai narkewa na yau da kullun sune sulfonates na man fetir da amine surfactants. Masu yin ruwa mai narkewa suna taka rawar hana ta hanyar canza kaddarorin saman kakin (kamar tubing, sandunan tsotsa da kayan kayan aiki). Masu amfani dashi sune sodium alkyl sulfonate, gishirin ammonium na quaternary, alkane polyoxyethylene ether, aromatic polyoxyethylene ether da gishirin sodium sulfonate. Hakanan an raba masu samar da abu don cire kakin zuwa gida biyu, mai narkewa don masu cire kakin mai, ruwa mai narkewa mai sinadarin sulfonate, nau'in gishirin ammonium, nau'in polyether, Tsakanin nau'ikan, OP mai kayatarwa, Sulfate ester salted ko kuma irin sulfonated flat Bugu da kari da kuma masu amfani da nau'in OP na amfani da su azaman masu cire kakin ruwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, na cikin gida da na kasashen waje sun hada kayan cire kakin zuma da rigakafin su, da kuma mai cire kakin zuma da mai cire kakin ruwa, don samar da wani abu mai hade da kakin zuma. Wannan waken cire kakin yana amfani da hydrocarbons mai hade da hadewar hydrocarbons a matsayin lokacin mai, da kuma emulsifier tare da aikin cire kakin a matsayin lokacin ruwa. Lokacin da emulsifier da aka zaɓa shine mai ba da izini ba tare da ma'anar girgije ba, ana iya yin shi don isa ko wucewa zuwa gizagizinta a yanayin zafin da ke ƙasa da sashin man shafawa da kyau na man, don haka mai narkar da kakin zuma ya iya emulsion ya karye, kuma ana raba nau'ikan wakilan cire kakin guda biyu, kuma suna taka rawar cire kakin a lokaci guda.

3. Surfactant amfani dashi don daidaita yumbu

Amintaccen ɓangaren yumbu yana hana ma'adinan yumɓu kumburi kuma yana hana ƙwayoyin ma'adinan yumbu ƙaura. Ana iya amfani da shi don hana yumɓu daga kumburi, kamar nau'in gishirin amine, nau'in gishirin ammonium na quaternary, nau'in gishirin pyridine, gishirin imidazoline da sauran kayan aikin cationic. Wadanda ba ionic-cationic surfactants masu dauke da sunadarin sunadarai suna samuwa don hana ƙaurawar ƙwayoyin ma'adinan yumbu.

4. Surfactants da aka yi amfani da su a matakan acidification

Don inganta haɓakar acidification, ana ƙara nau'ikan karin abubuwa gaba ɗaya ga maganin acid. Duk wani abu da zai iya dacewa da acid kuma za'a iya sanyashi cikin sauki ta hanyar samuwar a matsayin mai hana yaduwar acid. Irin su fat amine hydrochloride, gishirin ammonium quaternary, gishirin pyridine a cikin kayan aikin cationic da polyoxyethylene sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate salted ko sulfate salted a amphoteric surfactants Base phenol ether da sauransu. Wasu masanan, kamar su dodecyl sulfonic acid da kuma alkyl amine salts, zasu iya emulsion din acid din a cikin mai don samar da emulsion acid-in-oil. Ana amfani da wannan emulsion azaman ruwa na masana'antar acidification kuma shima yana da tasiri a hankali.

Ana iya amfani da wasu masanan don amfani da su azaman anti-emulsifiers don ruwan sha mai guba. Za a iya amfani da Surfactants da ke da rassa irin su polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether da polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaethylene hexaamine a matsayin masu hana emulsifiers acidification. Za'a iya amfani da wasu masarufi a matsayin abubuwan karewa, kamar nau'in gishirin amine, nau'in gishirin ammonium, nau'in gishirin pyridine, wadanda ba na ionic ba, amphoteric da kuma masu kara kuzari.