- cationic surfactant
- Amine na Farko
- Amines na Secondary
- Babban Amine
- Amine Oxide
- Amine Ether
- Polyamine
- Amine mai Amfani & Amide
- Polyurethane Kara kuzari
- Betaines
- Fata Acid Chloride
Shandong Kerui Hammer Co., Ltd.
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E-mail: export@keruichemical.com
ADD: 1711 #, Gina 6, Lingyu, Guihe Jinjie, Luneng Lingxiu City, Shizhong District, Jinan City, China
Gabatarwa zuwa Asalin Ilimin Masu Shaye Shaye a Filin Mai
An buga: 20-12-11
Dangane da hanyar rabe-raben sinadarai na mai, za a iya raba masu hakar mai ta hanyar aikace-aikacen zuwa masu hako mai, masu hako ma'adinai, masu hada ruwa domin inganta yawan amfanin gona, masu hada ruwa domin hada mai da iskar gas, da masu ruwa don maganin ruwa, da sauransu.
Surfactant don hakowa
Adadin masu samar da ruwa domin hakowa (gami da masu hada ruwa na hako mai da kuma hadawar ciminti) shi ne mafi girma, wanda ya kai kimanin kashi 60% na jimlar abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su a filayen mai. Adadin masu samar da ruwa don dawo da mai in an gwada kadan ne, amma kayan aikin sa sunfi yawa. Adadinsa yakai kimanin 1/3 na yawan adadin kayan masarufin da aka yi amfani dasu a wuraren mai. Waɗannan nau'ikan sunadarai guda biyu suna da matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin masu haɓaka a cikin filayen mai.
A yanzu haka, binciken da aka yi game da wakilin shan ruwa a duniya ya samar da yanayin “ginshikai uku” a Amurka, Rasha da China. Amurka na daukar sabbin kayan polymer a matsayin abin bincike. Rasha ta dogara ne akan ƙa'idar cewa "albarkatun ƙasa ba su da arha da sauƙin samu", da kuma ɓarnatar da masana'antu. Binciken kasar Sin ya mayar da hankali kan cikakken amfani da kayan gargajiya da kuma ci gaban sabbin polymer na roba (gami da monomers).
Abinda aka fi mayar da hankali akansa game da kamfanonin hako ramin ruwa na kasashen waje shine mafi shahara, ma'ana, samfuran abubuwa daban-daban wadanda suka ta'allaka akan polymer na roba wadanda suke dauke da kungiyoyin sulfonic acid, wanda kuma shine alkiblar cigaban gaba.
Tun daga shekarun 1990s, sabon ƙarni na polymer 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) kayan kwalliya da yawa sun zama wakilin sabbin wakilai masu kula da ruwa. An sami ci gaba mai karya karfi a cikin nau'ikan masu rage danko, masu rage asarar ruwa da man shafawa. Musamman a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yadu da masu amfani da giya mai yawan polymeric tare da tasirin tasirin gajimare kuma ana amfani da su a duk filayen mai na cikin gida da jerin tsarin ruwa mai hako giya polymeric.
Bugu da kari, sinadarin hako mai na methyl gluconate da ruwan mai na glycerin sun samu kyakkyawan sakamako a aikace-aikacen filayen, da nuna kyawawan aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen da kuma inganta ci gaban masu hada ruwa don ruwa mai hakowa. A halin yanzu, wakilin kula da shan ruwa na kasar Sin ya karu zuwa rukuni 18, dubban iri, tare da amfani da kusan tan 300,000 a shekara.
A cikin 1980s, haɗakar ciminti mai haɗakar haɓaka cikin sauri a cikin 1980s, kuma jerin samfura sannu a hankali an ƙirƙira su. A cikin ci gaban sabbin kayayyaki, kayan polymer na roba gabaɗaya sune rukunin bincike da aka fi so; a cikin 1993, duk ciment din rijiyoyin mai a kasar Sin an canza su zuwa jerin wadanda suka dace da ka'idojin API. Samfurai da kayan haɗi sun haɓaka cikin sauri. Kamfanin ya sami nasarar haɓaka SAF mai narkar da rijiyar mai ta musamman (sulfonated acetone formaldehyde polycondensate), wanda ke da alaƙa da haɗin ƙira da kuma samar da kariya ta fanfo. Masu hada gwiwa, masu jan kafa da masu karfafa kayan kwalliya sun nuna kyakyawan ci gaban, kuma sun samar da mai na musamman mai hada rijiyar mai. A halin yanzu, ya ci gaba zuwa fiye da nau'ikan 200 na nau'ikan 11, tare da samfurin kowace shekara na tan dubu da yawa.
Smai aiki don dawo da mai
Akwai wadatattun nau'ikan nau'ikan da yawa na masu hada-hadar don dawo da mai idan aka kwatanta su da masu hakowa don hakowa, musamman don yaduwar abubuwa da karafa Daga cikin masu yin karaya, an sa jami'ai masu kwalliya don gyara gumis na kayan lambu da na cellulose, da kuma polymer na roba kamar polyacrylamide.
A cikin recentan shekarun nan, foreignasashen waje sun sami cigaba sannu a hankali a fagen samar da sinadarai masu kara kuzari. Mayar da hankali kan bincike da ci gaba yana kan ci gaba da hana masu hana lalata kwari don yin asid. Yana da halin amfani da kayan aiki na yau da kullun don haɓaka ko haɗakar masu hana lalata. Abubuwan albarkatun da samfuran ba su da guba ko ƙananan mai guba, kuma samfuran suna da narkewar mai / ruwa ko watsawar ruwa.
Amines, ammonium na kwata kuma giya ta acetylenic suna da adadi masu yawa na hana lalata, kuma masu hana aldehyde lalata abubuwa sun kasance ba su da haɓaka sosai saboda gubarsu. Masu hana lalata su ma hadaddun dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid ne da ƙananan ƙwayoyin amines (ethylamine, propylamine, C8-18 amine na farko, oleic acid diethanolamide), kuma emulsifiers sune man-in-oil emulsifiers.
Galibi, a cikin recentan shekarun nan, binciken kan wakilan da ke aiki a kan ɓata ruwan da ke cikin acid a China bai isa ba, kuma ba a sami ci gaba kaɗan ba. Baya ga lalata masu hana yaduwar ruwa a yayin ci gaba, akwai wasu nau'ikan da yawa, mafi yawansu sune amines (na farko amines, na biyu amines, jami'a amines, quaternary amide ko mahaɗan su), imidazoline da dangoginsu suma aji ne na masu hana lalata lalata da ake amfani dasu cikin adadi mai yawa.
Smasu aiki don tattara mai da gas
Binciken, ci gaba da kuma amfani da abubuwan da ke saman ruwa don tattara mai da iskar gas da sufuri a China ya fara ne a cikin shekarun 1960, kuma a halin yanzu akwai nau'ikan 14 da ɗaruruwan kayayyaki. Daga cikin su, mai narkar da danyen mai shine mafi girma, kuma bukatar shekara shekara kusan tan 20,000. Kasar Sin ta samar da kayayyakin da za su iya narkar da mai a filayen mai daban-daban, iri da yawa sun kai matakin kasa da kasa a cikin shekarun 1990; yayin zub da zafin depressants, masu gudana marasa kyau, masu rage danko da kuma masu hana kakin zuma kima ne, kuma mafi yawansu sune Don samfuran hadadden, danyen mai daban daban yana da buƙatu daban-daban da matsaloli don ci gaban sabbin kayayyaki saboda buƙatu daban-daban na masu siyar da kayan ruwa da ake amfani dasu , ingantaccen kwarara, rage danko da dalilan cire kakin zuma.
Surfactant don maganin filin mai
. Wakilin kula da ruwan mai shine muhimmin nau'in sinadarin mai na mai a ci gaban mai. Kashi na shekara daban-daban na ma'aikatan kula da ruwa daban-daban ya haura tan 60,000, wanda daga cikinsu abin da yake samarwa ya kai kimanin kashi 40%, kodayake masu hada-hadar ruwa a harkar kula da ruwa a Man Fetur suna da girma kwarai da gaske, amma akwai 'yan bincike kan abubuwan da ake amfani da su don maganin ruwa a China. Ire-iren masu hada ruwa domin sarrafa ruwan mai ba su cika ba, kuma galibin kayayyakin ana shigo da su ne daga masana'antar sarrafa ruwa ta masana'antu, amma saboda ruwan mai. Mawuyacin samfurorin da aka gabatar kai tsaye daga maganin ruwa na masana'antu ba shi da amfani sosai, wani lokacin ba ya da tasiri, kuma babu wani mai niyya mai kula da ruwan mai. Binciken ƙasashen waje kan abubuwan da ke saman ruwa don maganin ruwa ya fi aiki a cikin haɓaka flocculants, kuma akwai samfuran da yawa da aka haɓaka, amma ba magunguna masu ƙazamar ruwa da yawa don filayen mai da gas ba.
Smai aiki don dawo da manyan makarantu
Ingancin kayan kwalliya don dawo da mai a manyan makarantu a cikin ƙasashen waje yana da karko kuma girman kayan aikin yana da yawa. A halin yanzu, an kirkiro wasu nau'ikan abubuwan ruwa da polymer don kawar da mai a kasar Sin, amma ba za su iya biyan bukatun maido da manyan makarantu ba. Hawan alkylbenzenes masu nauyi na shekara-shekara na kayan masarufin da ake amfani da su a cikin jami'ai da ke musanyar kasa bai kai tan dubu 20 ba, wanda ke da wahalar biyan bukatun, kuma nauyin kwayar da kuma rarraba kwayar ba su dace da abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin sanya kayan maye na roba ba.
Kodayake an yi aiki da yawa a kan dutsen, har yanzu ba zai iya biyan bukatun ambaliyar filin mai ba, kuma akwai matsaloli a sikelin samarwa da ingancin samfura. Daqing, Shengli, Liaohe, Dagang da sauran wuraren hakar mai tuni sun aiwatar da ambaliyar polymer, kamfanin Daqing Oilfield ya gina masana'antar polyacrylamide da ke fitar da tan dubu 57,000 a shekara, sai kuma Shengli Oilfield ya gina kamfanin polyacrylamide wanda yake samar da sama da tan dubu 20 a shekara.
Wasu sauran masana'antun samarwa suna da damar samarwa sama da 100,000 t / shekara. Bukatar shekara-shekara don polymer don kawar da mai dubun dubatan tan ne. Ma'aunin zai iya cika bukatun, amma ingancin samfurin (kamar su ɗan kwayar halitta mai dangantaka) Har yanzu akwai tazara tsakaninsa da solubility, ƙarfin zafin jiki da jikewar gishiri. Daga cikin jami'ai masu aiki a farfajiyar mai, manyan masu farfadowar mai sune mafi kyawun sinadarai.
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